Chili peppers come in many different colors, from orange to brown and you even have purple peppers, but the most common colors are still red and green. Whether you come across a bell bell pepper, a normal chili or a hotter chili, they are often red or green. What exactly are the differences between the red and green chili pepper?
Time
The biggest difference, which also explains the color difference, is the time the chili pepper is picked. They usually turn from green to red (or some other color). We say usually because of course there are always exceptions, but you can say that if you see a red chili pepper it is the fully ripened version of the green chili pepper. So it takes longer for a red one to be picked than a green one.
Flavour
Green chili peppers are bitter and crunchy compared to a red chili pepper. This is because a red chili hangs on the plant longer and therefore has longer to become a little sweeter, fruitier and sometimes a little softer. This goes for all pepper/chili varieties, the (block) bell pepper, Jalapeño and Habanero. For chili peppers, there is an additional twist, and that is that they get hotter. Capsaicin is the substance in chili peppers that makes them so hot, and the longer the chili pepper hangs on the plant the more capsaicin there is in the chili pepper. The more capsaicin, the hotter the chili pepper. And this means that of the same variety, red ones are hotter than green chili peppers.
Healthier
Both colours are of course very healthy, but red ones are slightly healthier. This is because, they hang on the plant longer and therefore have more time to produce vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and in the case of hot chili peppers capsaicin.
So if you’re hesitating between a green or red bell pepper, chili, jalapeño or something more extreme, take these differences into consideration. If you want a sweeter/hottest flavor and healthier chili pepper, go for the red. If you want an optimally crunchy chili pepper with a slightly bitter and less hot taste, go for the green.